01
Izakhi zeJomethri zezingxenye zesakhiwo
Umsebenzi wesakhiwo somshini ubonakala ikakhulukazi ngokuma kwejometri yezingxenye zemishini kanye nobudlelwane obuhlobene bendawo phakathi kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene.Ijiyomethri yengxenye yakhiwe ubuso bayo.Ingxenye ivamise ukuba nezindawo eziningi, kanti ezinye zalezi zindawo zithintana ngokuqondile nezinye izingxenye.Le ngxenye yobuso ibizwa ngokuthi indawo esebenzayo.Ingxenye yokuxhuma phakathi kwezindawo ezisebenzayo ibizwa ngokuthi indawo yokuxhuma.
Indawo yokusebenza yengxenye iyisici esibalulekile esinquma umsebenzi wemishini, futhi ukuklanywa kwendawo yokusebenza kuyindaba eyinhloko yokwakheka kwesakhiwo sengxenye.Imingcele yejometri eyinhloko echaza indawo yokusebenza ihlanganisa ukuma kwejometri, ubukhulu, inombolo yezindawo, isikhundla, ukuhleleka, njll.Ngokuklama okuguquguqukayo kwendawo yokusebenza, izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zesakhiwo zokubona umsebenzi ofanayo wobuchwepheshe zingatholakala.
02
Izixhumanisi phakathi kwezakhiwo
Emshinini noma emishinini, ayikho ingxenye ekhona yodwa.Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kokutadisha imisebenzi kanye nezinye izici zezingxenye ngokwazo, ukuhlobana phakathi kwezingxenye kufanele futhi kufundwe ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo.
Ukuhlobana kwezingxenye kuhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ukuhlobana okuqondile kanye nokuhlobana okungaqondile.Lapho izingxenye ezimbili zinobudlelwano obuqondile bokuhlangana, zihlobene ngqo.Ukuhlobana okungenabo ubudlelwano bokuhlangana okuqondile kuba ukuhlobana okungaqondile.Ukuxhumana okungaqondile kuhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ukuhlobana kwesikhundla kanye nokuhambisana nokunyakaza.Ukuhlobana kwesikhundla kusho ukuthi izingxenye ezimbili zinezidingo endaweni efanayo.Isibonelo, ibanga eliphakathi nendawo lamashafu amabili asondelene okudlulisa kufanele aqinisekise ukunemba okuthile, futhi izimbazo ezimbili kufanele zihambisane ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlangana okuvamile kwamagiya.Ukuhlobana kokunyakaza kusho ukuthi umzila wokunyakaza wengxenye ethile uhlobene nenye ingxenye.Isibonelo, i-trajectory yokunyakaza kokuthunyelwe kwethuluzi le-lathe kufanele ihambisane nomugqa omaphakathi we-spindle.Lokhu kuqinisekiswa ukufana kwesitimela somhlahlandlela wombhede kanye ne-axis ye-spindle.Ngakho-ke, Isikhundla phakathi kwe-spindle kanye nesitimela somhlahlandlela sihlobene;ithulusi kanye ne-spindle kuhlobene nokunyakaza.
Izingxenye eziningi zinezingxenye ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezihlobene ngokuqondile, ngakho ingxenye ngayinye inezingxenye ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezihlobene nesakhiwo nezinye izingxenye.Ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo, izingxenye ezihlobene ngokuqondile zezingxenye ezimbili kufanele zicatshangelwe ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuze kukhethwe ngokunengqondo indlela yokwelapha ukushisa, ukuma, ubukhulu, ukunemba kanye nekhwalithi yendawo yezinto ezibonakalayo.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele futhi icabangele izimo ezihlobene ezingaqondile ezanelisayo, njenge-dimensional chain kanye nezibalo zokunemba.Ngokuvamile, uma kunezingxenye ezihlobene ngokuqondile zengxenye, ukwakheka kwayo kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu;izingxenye ezihlobene ngokungaqondile zengxenye, ziphakama isidingo sokunemba
03
Izinkinga okufanele zinakwe ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo
Ziningi izinto ezingakhethwa ekwakhiweni kwemishini.Izinto ezihlukene zinezakhiwo ezahlukene.Izinto ezihlukene zihambisana namasu okucubungula ahlukene.Ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo, izinto ezifanele kufanele zikhethwe ngokufanele ngokwezidingo zokusebenza futhi izinto ezifanele kufanele zinqunywe ngokuya ngohlobo lwempahla.Ukucubungula ubuchwepheshe, futhi kunqume isakhiwo esifanele ngokuvumelana nezidingo zobuchwepheshe bokucubungula, kuphela ngokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esifanele lapho izinto ezikhethiwe zinganikeza ukudlala okugcwele ezinzuzweni zayo.
Ukuze ukhethe izinto ngendlela efanele, abaklami kumele baqonde ngokugcwele izakhiwo zemishini, ukusebenza kokucubungula, kanye nezindleko zezinto ezikhethiwe.Ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo, izimiso zokuklama ezahlukene kufanele zilandelwe ngokuvumelana nezici zezinto ezikhethiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula obuhambisanayo.
Isibonelo, izici zemishini zensimbi ngaphansi kwe-tension kanye nokucindezelwa ziyafana ngokuyisisekelo, ngakho-ke uhlaka lwensimbi yensimbi lulingana kakhulu.Amandla acindezelayo wezinto ezisansimbi makhulu kakhulu kunamandla aqinile.Ngakho-ke, izigaba eziphambanayo zezakhiwo zensimbi ezisansimbi ezingaphansi kwezikhathi zokugoba ngokuvamile azi-asymmetrical, ukuze ukucindezeleka okukhulu okucindezelayo ngesikhathi somthwalo kukhulu kunokucindezeleka okukhulu kokuqina.Umfanekiso 5.2 uyisiqhathaniso sabakaki bensimbi abayinsimbi ababili.Emklamo wesakhiwo sensimbi, amandla kanye nokuqina kwesakhiwo ngokuvamile kwanda ngokukhulisa usayizi wesiphambano.Kodwa-ke, uma ubukhulu bodonga bukhulu kakhulu esakhiweni se-cast, kunzima ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokuphonsa, ngakho-ke isakhiwo se-cast ngokuvamile siqiniswa ngamapuleti aqinisiwe kanye nokuhlukaniswa.Ukuqina namandla kwesakhiwo.Ngenxa yokungaqini kahle kwezinto zepulasitiki, ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi okubangelwa ukupholisa okungalingani ngemva kokubunjwa kungabangela kalula i-warpage yesakhiwo.Ngakho-ke, ubukhulu bezimbambo kanye nodonga lwesakhiwo sepulasitiki zifana futhi zifana futhi zinokulinganisa.
Ezingxenyeni ezidinga ukwelashwa kokushisa, izidingo zokwakheka kwesakhiwo zimi kanje: (1) Umumo wejometri wengxenye kufanele ube lula futhi ulingane, futhi umumo ofanele uyindilinga.(2) Ezingxenyeni ezineziphambano ezingalingani, ukuguqulwa kosayizi kanye ne-cross-section kumele kube mnene ukuze kugwenywe izinguquko eziphuthumayo.Uma izinguquko ezingxenyeni eziseduze zinkulu kakhulu, izingxenye ezinkulu nezincane zizopholiswa ngokungalingani, okuzokwenza nakanjani kube nokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi.(3) Gwema imiphetho ebukhali namakhona acijile.Ukuze uvimbele imiphetho ebukhali namakhona acijile ukuthi angancibiliki noma ashise ngokweqile, i-chamfer engu-2 kuya ku-3 mm ngokuvamile isikwa onqenqemeni lwe-slot noma umgodi.(4) Gwema izingxenye ezinomehluko omkhulu ekujikeni, okulula ukuzigoba futhi ezinokuthambekela okukhulu kokuqhekeka ngesikhathi sokucisha nokupholisa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-08-2021